Balls

Blue balls is a slang term for a temporary fluid congestion in the testicles and prostate region caused by prolonged sexual arousal in the human male. It is often accompanied by a cramp-like ache of prostatic congestion and pain/tenderness of edema of the testes. more...

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While the term is usually applied to men, the female homologue is usually referred to by the more general term "pelvic congestion," or "pink ovaries."

Society

Some men charged with sexual assault or rape have used the excuse of trying to avoid the pain of blue balls as a way to pressure a partner into non-consensual sex.

Cause

Two primary causes identified for blue balls include venereal disease and lack of orgasm in a sexually stimulated male.

Venereal disease

Some men who are infected with sexually transmitted lymphogranuloma venereum may experience enlarged lymph nodes in the groin that become fluctuant - and unable to flush lymphatic fluid correctly, resulting in edema (swelling) of the affected area.

Lack of orgasm in a sexually stimulated male

The cause is the prolonged sexual stimulation of the erect penis (intentional or unintentional), either by direct or indirect contact, that does not result in orgasm and ejaculation. This can, in some circumstances, be a consensual sexual act as part of erotic sexual denial.

During arousal in a sexually mature male, the parasympathetic nervous system increases its inputs to the genital tissues, resulting in increased blood flow to the testicles and prostate areas. As this happens, other fluid outflow muscles constrict, causing less bodily fluid to leave the area than enter, ensuring a high enough regional blood pressure to allow a sustained erection for penetration during sexual intercourse.

If orgasm is not achieved, blood and lymphatic fluid tend to pool, and the blood becomes oxygen-deprived. The technical term for this is vasocongestion. It can be extremely painful, like a hit to the testicles, but from the inside.

Some men may deprive themselves of an orgasm purposely, to prolong sexual activity, etc. Their sexual partner may also request that they refrain from ejaculation for a longer period to increase their duration of sex (for mutual satisfaction of both partners). If this is the case, massaging the testicles or using a vibrator on the testicles during the prolonged sexual activity may prevent the blood from pooling and actually prevent or decrease the severity of blue balls.

Men with priapism or orchalgia may experience an extreme, prolonged form of blue balls, which may require medical attention.

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